Ventricular Septal Rupture Post Myocardial Infarction: Baseline Characteristics and In-Hospital Outcomes

Background: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction (MI), usually leading to congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock with high mortality.
Objective: To study the clinical profile and outcomes of the VSR complicating acute MI in tertiary center in Baghdad.
Methods: This is a single center retrospective study recruited patients who were admitted to Ibn Al-Bitar Cardiac Center from September 2016 to February 2020 who were diagnosed with acute MI and admitted to this facility then MI course complicated by VSR as well as patients who were referred for surgical intervention from other hospitals where have been diagnosed of VSR.
Results: A total 22 patient admitted with AMI complicated by VSR, 14 patients were male (64%), 8 patients were female (36%), 14 patients were hypertensive (64%). Sixteen patients developed anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (72%) and 6 with inferior STEMI (28%). Eight patients had surgery, two of them during index hospitalization and the other 6 patients as elective scheduled procedures. Twelve patients (54%) died during hospitalization, all of them were in cardiogenic shock at presentation.
Conclusion: VSR complicating acute MI is a catastrophic mechanical complication that carries high in-hospital mortality, need high index of suspension and aggressive medical support with early surgical intervention.
Keywords: Ventricular septal rupture, myocardial infarction mechanical complication
Citation: Bairam AR, Shuailah MA, Dakhil ZA, Alwan AH. Ventricular septal rupture post myocardial infarction: Baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes. Iraqi JMS. 2024; 22(2): 407-413. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.22.2.25